1. What is Java?

Java is a widely used object-oriented programming language and software platform that runs on billions of devices, including notebook computers, mobile devices, gaming consoles, medical devices and many others. The rules and syntax of Java are based on the C and C++ languages.

One major advantage of developing software with Java is its portability. Once you wrote code for a Java program on a notebook computer, it can be easily moved to a mobile device. When the language was invented in 1991 by James Gosling of Sun Microsystems (later acquired by Oracle), the primary goal was to be able to "write once, run anywhere."

It's also important to understand that Java is much different from JavaScript. JavaScript does not need to be compiled, while Java code needs to be. Also, Javascript only runs on web browsers, while Java can be run anywhere.

Posted by: Chinmaya Rout
Date: August 29, 2024

2. Difference between Heap and Stack Memory in java. And how java utilizes this.

Stack memory is the portion of memory that was assigned to every individual program. And it was fixed. On the other hand, Heap memory is the portion that was not allocated to the java program but it will be available for use by the java program when it is required, mostly during the runtime of the program.

Java Utilizes this memory as -

When we write a java program then all the variables, methods, etc are stored in the stack memory.
And when we create any object in the java program then that object was created in the heap memory. And it was referenced from the stack memory.
Example- Consider the below java program:

class Main {
public void printArray(int[] array){
for(int i : array)
System.out.println(i);
}
public static void main(String args[]) {
int[] array = new int[10];
printArray(array);
}
}

Main and PrintArray is the method that will be available in the stack area and as well as the variables declared that will also be in the stack area.

And the Object (Integer Array of size 10) we have created, will be available in the Heap area because that space will be allocated to the program during runtime.

Posted by: Chinmaya Rout
Date: August 29, 2024